Health Risks of Smoking

Everyone knows that smoking has been linked to lung cancer, cardiovascular and lung disease. The Surgeon General continues to place
his stamp of disapproval on each package of cigarettes sold. Despite these ominous warnings, smoking continues to rank as the
number one cause of preventable death in the world. As if this point needed more drama, worldwide tobacco-related deaths are reported
to be in excess of 5 million per year. It is considered an epidemic by the World Health Organization

There are a number of political and economic pressures at work to help reduce the rates below 20%. We don't address those points
here, but rather we thought it would be interesting to publish a far from comprehensive list of the health risks of smoking. The list will
include all direct and/or indirect physiological results of tobacco use. An example of an indirect result would be muscle atrophy resulting
from chronic obstructive pulmonary disease.


  1. Coronary artery disease
  2. Myocardial infarction (heart attack)
  3. Chest pain
  4. Heart failure
  5. High bad cholesterol
  6. Abdominal aortic aneurysm
  7. Peripheral vascular disease
  8. Pulmonary embolism and deep vein thrombosis (blood clots)
  9. High blood pressure
  10. Stroke
  11. Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) - emphysema
  12. Chronic bronchitis
  13. Chronic cough
  14. Respiratory failure
  15. Pneumonia
  16. Shortness of breath
  17. Lung Cancer
  18. Leukemia
  19. Sinusitis
  20. Rhinitis
  21. Putative periodontal pathogens (gum disease)
  22. Psoriasis
  23. Skin wrinkling
  24. Atypical post-adolescent acne (smokers acne)
  25. Osteoporosis
  26. Severe rheumatoid arthritis
  27. Depression
  28. Dementia
  29. Transient ischemic attack (TIA)
  30. Bacterial vaginosis (vaginal discharge)
  31. Gas and bloating
  32. Peptic ulcer disease
  33. Colon polyps
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    34. Mild gastroesophageal reflux
    35. Barrett’s Esophagus
    36. Graves disease
    37. Diabetes Mellitus
    38. Metabolic syndrome
    39. Kidney Disease requiring dialysis
    40. Foot ulcer
    41. Toe amputations
    42. Age-related macular degeneration
    43. Cataracts
    44. Cardiovascular disease in children
    45. Childhood asthma
    46. Childhood ear infections
    47. Childhood bronchitis
    48. Childhood pneumonia
    49. Bronchiolitis in children
    50. Fertility problems in women
    51. Placental abruption
    52. Miscarriage
    53. Fetal birth defects
    54. Low birth weight babies
    55. Prematurity of infants
    56. Sudden infant death syndrome (SIDS)
    57. Breastfeeding difficulty
    58. Testicular disease
    59. Impotence
    60. Sexual dysfunction
    61. Cervical cancer
    62. Bladder cancer
    63. Muscle atrophy
    64. Low back pain
    65. Weight loss
    66. Anemia

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